It looks like a mouth-blown flutina. Similar to a Hohnerette, and a precursor to the melodica or accordina.

It would play like a harmonica with blow/draw each giving a note - though whether the same note (unisonoric) or different notes (bisonoric) is hard to tell from looking at the reed lengths. I'm guessing bisonoric like a flutina, since the bass/chord spoons on the left suggest that.
Wiki says:
Quote:
At that time [1829] in Vienna, mouth harmonicas with Kanzellen (chambers) had already been available for many years, along with bigger instruments driven by hand bellows. The diatonic key arrangement was also already in use on mouth-blown instruments.
Here is another similar instrument with the mouthpiece intact:

Click the pix for links to the respective pages.
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